Mariam Dhawale
CPIM Maharashtra State Secretariat member
On
March 4, 2013, a large and angry rally of thousands of Adivasis led by
the CPI(M) marched to the Talasari police station and tehsil office in
Thane district, demanding strict action against the land mafia and its
corrupt agents who were trying to fleece the poor Adivasis of their
land. The rally also demanded immediate withdrawal of the false cases
against CPI(M) activists who were fighting this corrupt land mafia, and
action against the police officers responsible for these false cases.
In
another basic demand, the rally insisted that the land of the absentee
landlords and also forest land which is being tilled for generations by
the Adivasis be vested in the names of the tribals. To ensure that land
became more productive, the rally demanded immediate irrigation
facilities from dams that had been completed with funds from the tribal
sub-plan, but the water from which was being denied to the tribals and
was being sent to the urban areas instead. It is a shameful fact that
only two per cent of the agricultural land in Thane district is under
irrigation as against the state average of 18 per cent (which is itself
abysmally low!), in spite of the district having some of the largest
water reservoirs in the state.
Well aware of the anger of the
tribals, the police headquarters had specially deputed Additional SP
Nishandar to meet the CPI(M) delegation in Talasari. The tehsildar of
Talasari was also present during the discussion. The administration and
the police were warned to solve the long-pending land issues at the
earliest and to keep a strict check on the land mafia and its agents.
They were apprised of the truth in the numerous false cases registered
against CPI(M) activists. The Additional SP promised to immediately
review these cases and take corrective steps. The delegation also
demanded stern action against all the accused in cases of atrocities
against women and girl children.
The
public meeting was addressed by Dr Ashok Dhawale, Mahendra Singh, J P
Gavit (ex-MLA), L B Dhangar, Lahanu Kom (ex-MP), Rajaram Ozare (MLA),
Mariam Dhawale, Barkya Mangat, Edward Vartha, Ratan Budhar and Rasila
Dhodi. Among those in the delegation were Ladak Kharpade, Hemlata Kom,
Sangeeta Ozare, Shankar Umbarsada, Radka Kalangada and Rajesh Sadgir.
The
rally also gave a call to make a big success of the Sangharsh Sandesh
Jatha, which will be taking three public meetings in Thane district on
March 9 at Dahanu, Jawhar and Talasari. Folders of the Jatha published
by the CPI(M) Maharashtra state committee were distributed. Over 1000
copies of the CPI(M) state committee weekly ‘Jeevanmarg’ were sold in
the rally by a team of DYFI activists.
BACKGROUND OF LAND STRUGGLE
During
British rule, taking advantage of the illiteracy and backwardness
amongst the tribals, the landlord class usurped their lands in Dahanu,
Talasari, Palghar, Jawhar and Wada tehsils of Thane district. The
Adivasis were forced to work as bonded labourers on the lands which they
once owned. It was against this injustice that the historic Warli
Adivasi Revolt was organised by the Communist Party and the Kisan Sabha
under the leadership of Godavari and Shamrao Parulekar in 1945-47.
Fearing the wrath of the tribals who had suffered immense cruelty and
exploitation for decades, the landlords fled these areas. Most of them
did not return. Godavari’s book ‘Adivasis Revolt’ clearly brings out
this sordid saga of landlord tyranny and the glorious liberation
struggle of the Adivasis. The tribals took possession of thousands of
acres of land, thus ending a life of torture and misery.
Thus,
Adivasis are in possession of, and are cultivating, large chunks of such
land for the past 65 years. For many, this is their only means of
livelihood. The CPI(M) has been organising regular struggles to get
these lands registered in the names of the tribals, since they are still
in the names of the absentee landlords who have fled the area long
ago.
Thane
district has a large tribal population. Eight tehsils of the district
have a majority tribal population. These tehsils also have a large
forest area. Due to the sky-rocketing land prices in the neo-liberal
era, land has become a precious commodity today. The builder lobby, in
collaboration with the land mafia, is eyeing this land and has become
very active in Thane district, especially because of its proximity to
Mumbai. In connivance with the revenue officials, they are operating a
racket to cheat the tribals of their land. Bogus land records are
prepared showing some ‘heirs’ of the earlier landlords. The tribals have
absolutely no means of verifying or challenging any of these documents.
The local land mafia gets in touch with this ‘heir’, gets a buyer
(probably a builder or contractor) for this piece of land and strikes a
deal. Then this ‘new owner’ employs the land mafia to clear his land of
‘encroachments’ and to erect a fencing along the boundary of the land he
has purchased. The tribals who are in actual possession of the land are
totally unaware of all these dealings and come to know of them only
when attempts are made to put up the compound fence and evict them from
their land. The police jump in the fray to protect the criminals, to
corner their own share of the spoils. The land mafia belongs to the NCP,
BJP or Bahujan Vikas Aghadi (the notorious outfit known for forcible
eviction of tribals using muscle power and usurping their land).
Kurjhe
is a village in the Talasari tehsil of Thane district. The Kurjhe gram
panchayat, along with most other gram panchayats in Talasari tehsil, is
controlled by the CPI(M). During the gram panchayat elections held
recently, the NCP and BJP used all kinds of threats and inducements, but
they did not succeed. Here in one of the padas (hamlets) called
Gavitpada, a surreptitious land deal of the above mentioned kind took
place. Tribals of Kurjhe village protested against the takeover of the
piece of land in Gavitpada and broke down the fence. They did not allow
the land mafia led by Kiran Dhamode, who is the tehsil president of the
NCP, to evict the poor tribal family there. The sarpanch and
upa-sarpanch of the Kurjhe gram panchayat intervened to protect the
tribal family. A fight took place with injuries to both sides. The
police let off the land ‘dalals’ and slapped false cases of dacoity and
rioting against the sarpanch, upa-sarpanch and 11 other comrades,
including two women. This triggered an uproar amongst the tribal
community all over Talasari tehsil.
During the last Assembly
elections in 2009, the CPI(M) won the Dahanu (ST) constituency with
Rajaram Ozare being elected MLA. This seat was earlier held by the NCP
MLA Krishna Ghoda who is known for shielding corruption in food grains
and land deals. The constituencies were re-organised before the last
Assembly elections. The CPI(M), through tremendous hard work and
struggles, won this seat. The Party has been waging a continuous
struggle in Thane district against the onslaught on people’s rights.
Hoarders and black-marketeers of ration food grains have been exposed.
Forest department officials have been prevented from evicting Adivasis
from forest plots, with the agitation for implementation of the Forest
Rights Act (FRA) continuing. Demand for work under the MGNREGA is being
regularly raised. Issues of water, health, education, Anganwadi and Asha
workers, contract workers, violence against women, etc. are taken up by
the mass organisations.
TARGETING THE CPI(M)
Unable to
break the stronghold of the CPI(M), vested interests in Dahanu and
Talasari led by the NCP and BJP have started using the help of the
police force and are lodging false cases against CPI(M) activists.
Blatantly false cases of murder and dacoity are being registered so that
bail is not granted. The police force is so corrupted that even in
incidents of atrocities on women and girls, they shield the perpetrators
of the crime. After prolonged struggles and determined follow-up by the
AIDWA and DYFI, these cases of atrocities against women could be
registered. In the last three years, around 100 main activists of the
CPI(M) have been implicated in various cases through such false
complaints. On February 27, 2012, a CPI(M) and AIDWA woman tribal
activist, Mathi Ozare from the Vasa village of Talasari tehsil, was
murdered by BJP goons because she worked sincerely for the victory of
the CPI(M) in the just-concluded Zilla Parishad and Panchayat Samiti
elections. She was the 60th martyr of the Communist Party in Thane
district since the famous Adivasi Revolt of 1945, and the first woman
martyr in the district. Anger among the tribals against this corrupt
NCP-BJP-land mafia-police nexus was growing. This anger erupted after
the incident in Kurjhe village. The large and spirited rally on March 4
was its result. The rally vowed to further strengthen the struggle.