Let us uphold the banner of Class struggle

Cherishing the Memory of the Great October Revolution: A.K. Padmanabhan

This Seventh November will once again renew a lot of discussions on the great October Revolution of 1917, led by the great revolutionary Com. V.I. Lenin. Pages of history teach us that the discussions, of various kinds, had started even before the Great Revolution itself. The question of working class of a country taking over political power was very critically approached by a section of the working class movement at that time itself.

Those who had a mechanical approach to the teachings of Marx and Engels had at that time itself argued the cause of a world wide revolution! It is reminded here only to point out that debates on various aspects of October Revolution had begun even before the success of the revolution and it is not surprising that those types of debates are still continuing! It can be surely expected that these debates will be never ending!

Without going into various theoretical aspects of the great October Revolution, let us only look into the impact that was created!

Soviet Union’s great achievements within a short period, in improving the lives of the working people had attracted attention of the toiling masses all over the period. As has been noted by many, “what could be achieved by the capitalist system in 300 years could be achieved within 30 years of revolution”. The capacity of Soviet Union was proved by the epoch making victory over fascism by the Red Army of the Socialist Soviet Union in the year 1945.

The beacon light of the revolutionary movement was literally strengthening the aspirations of all the enslaved and exploited people in various countries and its full impact was felt in later years, when Soviet Union extended various kinds of help to the newly liberated countries and also to those who were fighting for their freedom.

By the early 1960s USSR was front ranking in the rate of economic growth, income, production and consumption. Socialised production and ownership instead of privatised ownership and production created this big change. The great achievements in the fields of education, health and employment, which were also ensured as basic rights was something unknown to the world. That was the only country, at that point of time, that ensured peoples’ right to live, which was guaranteed through states intervention, instead of throwing them out to the claws of the competitive market. The advances in science, art, culture etc was ensured with people’s active involvement and participation.

The rights and the social security system ensured to the working people after the revolution created the impetus for world wide changes. This fact has been agreed upon even by many of the ardent critics of USSR and its policies!

The fact that more than 20 million people gave up their lives for the cause of defending the gains of Revolution and new pages of valour and sacrifices were added to the pages of history of humanity by ordinary men and women can never be forgotten!

It was their commitment to the cause of the Revolution – the political and ideological commitment of a whole country – that ensured the historic victory in the great Patriotic War!

These achievements and advances of the USSR and further strengthening of the Socialist System with victories in Eastern Europe, formation of the Peoples’ Republic of China added strength to the determination of the people’s movements in the enslaved countries!

The change in the correlation of forces at the world level forced the imperialist forces to come forward for peace talks and also reach certain understandings on regulating or reducing nuclear arms!

One irrefutable fact was that the world was saved from a repeat of nuclear holocausts like Hiroshima and Nagasaki as USSR could catch up with the war mongering U.S. on Nuclear arms!

But while all these were happening, at the political ideological level, many deviations were taking place. In the name of correcting the wrongs done earlier, many wrong conclusions were reached. The lead that U.S.S.R could attain up to very early 60s, led to many wrong assessments on the internal and international situation. These conclusions and assessments also led to minimising or fully giving up caution against the destabilising efforts of imperialist forces and their supporters all over the world.

Internally, strengthening democracy was an important task. That was a real necessity to strengthen the Socialist system. But in the name of democracy, the Socialist system was allowed to be decimated. All these are now part of history. The way the exploiters all over the world celebrated the fall of Soviet Union and East European Socialist Countries is well known. More than anything else, the concerted attack against the ideology of the working class - Scientific Socialism – is continuing.

The last 20 years of these concerted campaigns at the international and national level have created serious crisis among the toiling masses. The theme of these campaigns has been ‘Socialism is dead; Capitalism is the last word in history; and There Is No Alternative to capitalism’. `End of history’ – theorised by Fukuyama was taken up internationally by various forces for full throated campaign.

As the ideas about Socialism and also the ideological aspects of it, was taken to the working people on the basis of great achievements of Soviet Union, the collapse of Soviet Union created a serious crisis and anti-Socialist forces could sow seeds of confusion.

Another aspect of the fall of the Soviet Union is the increasing belligerence of U.S. imperialism and its military and political interventions, in the process of asserting a unipolar world. Several of those who had not understood the political impact of the collapse of USSR, had now started debating on the issue. Some of them have even wished - if USSR was there. There are many instances where the US was unilaterally able to impose its will on other countries. It is also heartening that there are some positive developments, challenging of the U.S. diktats and also developing trends of multipolarity.

The recent developments in the capitalist world, resulting in the biggest ever crisis in the system has brought out the real face of Capitalist System and its unsustainability. The importance of the analysis of the exploiting Capitalist System by Marx and Engels, which proclaimed the inevitability of a new Socialist System, has to be understood fully. This Seventh November reminds us the task of educating our class on the historical role that has to be played by the working class, learning from its past weaknesses and failures. We have to combat the erroneous ideologies that have been spread in the aftermath of the collapse of the Soviet Union. A counter offensive by our class is the necessity of the hour! Let us prepare ourselves and organise our class to take up these challenges effectively. Let us uphold the banner of class struggle and cherish the memory of the great October Revolution!

CAG Findings Vindicate CPI(M) Charge on 2 G spectrum allotment : Sitaram Yechury

Issue	CPI (M) Charge	CAG Findings
Dimension of the Scam	Ø      “Loss due to 122 licenses for new entrants in 2008: Rs. 124,000 crore Ø      Loss due to cross-over licenses permitted to CDMA operators (Dual Technology License): Rs. 36,000 crore Ø      Loss due to excess spectrum occupied by the GSM operators beyond 6.2 MHz: Rs. 30,000 crore Ø      Total Loss: Rs.190,000 crore”	“6.3 Given its scarcity value and increasing demand, a comprehensive evaluation of available spectrum was required which was not done. With the UAS policy and its subsequent amendments being implemented in a weak and indeterminate manner and with the reluctance on the part of DoT to address the issue of pricing of 2G spectrum, it was only natural that 2G spectrum was allocated at much below its value. Though the correct value of 2G spectrum allotted to 122 licences in January 2008 and the 35 licences under dual technology, also in 2008 could have been determined only by a market driven process, if adopted. However, its presumptive value, based on various available indicators, as indicated in Chapter 5 ranged between Rs. 90000 crore and Rs. 140,000 crore. In addition, the value of additional spectrum allotted beyond the contractual amount to existing nine operators, based on 3G rates works out to Rs. 36729 crore.” (Comment: Adding the components, the total loss to the exchequer is calculated as Rs 176,379 crore.)
Violations of TRAI Recommendations and Overruling the Advise of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Law	“The Telecom Minister was given explicit recommendation by TRAI in August 2007 (Section 2.73) that the entry fee existing then based on 2001 prices was not realistic and there was a need to “reassess entry fee through market mechanism.” Further, the PMO (your letter), Finance Ministry, Law Ministry, and internal memos of senior officials of DoT had made it clear that instead of the dubious route of “first come first served” distribution of 2G spectrum/ licenses at 2001 prices, other routes for price discovery including auction or appropriate benchmarking should be adopted.”       “I cannot accept that the PMO, the Law Ministry, the Finance Ministry and senior officials in the DoT were all ignorant of the existing policy and TRAI provisions while advising the Ministry on entry fee/spectrum charges. Notwithstanding these recommendations, the Minister went ahead with this spurious first come first served principle claiming previous policy of 2003 and TRAI recommendations as the basis of his decision.”	“4.2 Advice of the Hon’ble Minister of Law and Justice was ignored by DoT”   “4.2.4 Concerns of the Ministry of Finance and Finance Wing of DoT on continuance of entry fee fixed in 2001 were overlooked”                      “6.4 The Hon’ble MoC &IT for no apparent logical or valid reasons ignored the advice of Ministry of Law, and Ministry of Finance, avoided the deliberations of the Telecom Commission to allocate 2G spectrum, a scarce finite national asset at less than its true value on flexible criteria and procedures adopted to benefit a few operators. TRAI, the regulator also stood by as a helpless spectator when its recommendations were being either ignored or misused.”
Arbitrary Operation of First-Come-First-Served (FCFS) Policy	“There is now clear evidence that the first-come-first-served policy for award of licenses was further vitiated by entirely arbitrary operation of even this principle. The Delhi High Court Judgements of July 1 and November 24, 2009 struck down the September 25 cut-off date imposed by the Ministry on license applications as illegal, calling this change of cut-off date as “... a change in the rule after the game has begun”. Even more glaring was modifying first-come basis from the date of application for license to whoever deposits the money first with just a few hours’ notice. This was done well after the ranking of parties as per original criterion of first-come was known, and was nothing but a blatant attempt to change this ranking in favour of specific parties. This is now no longer a matter of inferences or media reports but stated in an Audit Report – P&T’s Audit Office report dated March 31, 2010. The entire exercise was nothing but playing favourites and awarding licenses to a hand-picked set of parties.”	“4.3 Multiple Activities on 10 January 2008 On 10 January 2008 afternoon, DoT informed all eligible applicants who applied for UAS licences up to 25th September 2007 through the Press Information Bureau that they would be issued LoI. It was also mentioned in the press release that as per the policy of FCFS being followed for the grant of UAS licences, an application which is received first will be processed first and thereafter if found eligible will be granted LoI and then whosoever, complies with the condition of LoIs first will be granted UAS license. This stipulation took away the relevance of the date of application and the sanctity of the declared FCFS policy. Though the draft press release proposed to maintain the inter-se seniority of applicants based on their date of applications, if more than one applicant complied with LOI conditions on the same day, the same was withdrawn from the final press release. Thus DoT deviated from its declared FCFS policy though MOCIT maintained that it was continuing ‘with the policy (first-cum-first-served) for processing of applications’”   “6.2 The process followed for spectrum allocation was also unfair, considering the fact that DoT did not follow its own guidelines on eligibility conditions, arbitrarily changed the cut off date for receipt of applications post facto and altered the conditions of the FCFS procedure it had been following, gave unfair advantage of certain companies over others thus creating an environment which can not be perceived as transparent and fair.”

 

 

Additional Issues that the CAG Report brings out:

 

1.   Changing of the Terms of Reference of the EGoM by the Cabinet to keep out Spectrum Pricing

 

“3.2.1 Thus spectrum pricing issue was to be decided in consultation with the MoF. However, when a GoM was constituted in February 2006, its Terms of Reference (ToR) were modified at the instance of DoT to keep the issue of spectrum pricing outside its purview. Though MoF insisted for its inclusion in the Terms of Reference (ToR) for the GoM, DoT maintained that ‘spectrum pricing was within the normal work carried out by them’. The Department of Economic Affairs held the view that spectrum pricing is an issue which has far reaching consequences for the economy and needs to be debated, but this was not considered and the views of DoT prevailed in finalisation of ToR.

 

2.    Parties who were Not Eligible for award of licenses were Given licenses. 

 

“4.4.2  Verification of the files of the DoT and public documents accessed from the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of India, New Delhi, revealed that as many as 85 Licenses to 12 Companies, out of the 122 new licenses issued in January 2008 were granted to those which did not satisfy the eligibility conditions prescribed by DoT. While 72 licenses were given to companies which did not have the stipulated paid up capital at the time of application, 27 licenses were issued to companies who failed to satisfy conditions of main object clause in their Memorandum of Association and the share holding pattern declared by one Company did not meet DoT stipulations.”